Abstract
Abstract. At the 2011 ICC meetings in Paris, Moellering (2011) discussed the ICA Research Agenda, looked to the future, and recommended that the ICA move to develop a formal Body of Knowledge for the field of Cartography. In the last few years, the ICA leadership has recognized this need, and has organized an effort to develop a systematic Body of Knowledge (BoK) for the field of Cartography.In order to develop a systematic and comprehensive BoK for Cartography, it is important to include all aspects of the field: conceptual, conventional, perceptual, virtual, production, quantitative and analytical. In this milieu many of the long-standing components of cartography exist in the Surface Structure of the field, meaning that they are directly and visually observed. Most of those components have been recognized for many decades, even centuries.However, the analytical and mathematical components of cartography exist in the Deep Structure of the field. These are associated with the data, information, and metadata that underlie the standard visualizations process. These quantitative and analytical components in cartography mostly are relatively new, being developed in recent decades.Essentially these new analytical components in the Deep Structure can be considered the new half of the field of cartography, and it is essential that they be included in a full definition of the BoK for cartography. This paper will discuss these conceptual analytical components of Cartography and relate them to the evolving Body of Knowledge for the field.
Highlights
For almost as long as modern cartography has existed, many thoughtful members of the field have reflected and discussed the scope and content of the field
The modern origins of Analytical Cartography largely began with the work of Waldo Tobler in the 1960s (Tobler, 1961), one can trace ancient roots of the field to the 5th century BC when map projections were invented by the ancient Greeks
All of them originate in the Deep Structure of the field, and many of them have Surface Structure cartographic realizations in the form of maps or visualizations. This author has advocated that the ICA develop a Body of Knowledge document for Cartography since the Paris ICC 2011 Congress
Summary
For almost as long as modern cartography has existed, many thoughtful members of the field have reflected and discussed the scope and content of the field. Moellering (2011) reviewed this work in his paper for the Paris ICC 2011, and concluded that the ICA should rather be more outwardlooking, and with the view that the ICA should develop a formal definition of a Body of Knowledge for Cartography saying: “The ICA should move aggressively to bring together the implicit, dispersed, concepts and theory in the field into an organized and systematic Body of Knowledge”. These views were later published by Moellering (2012). Since most of this work has developed in the last several decades, one could characterize Deep Structure as the “New Half of Cartography”
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