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Abstract
Problem statement: The design of suitable air collectors is one of the most important factors controlling the economics of the solar drying. Air type collectors have two inherent disadvantages: Low thermal capacity of air and low absorber to air heat transfer coefficient. Different modifications are suggested and applied to improve the heat transfer coefficient between the absorber plate and air. These modifications include the use of extended heat transfer area, such as finned absorber. Approach: The efficiency of the solar collector has been examined by changing the solar radiation and the mass flow rate. An analytical and experimental study to investigate the effect of mass flow rate and solar radiation on thermal efficiency were conducted. The theoretical solution procedure of the energy equations uses a matrix inversion method and making some algebraic rearrangements. Results: The average error on calculating thermal efficiency was about 7%. The optimum efficiency, about 70% lies between the mass flow rates 0.07-0.08 kg sec-1. The thermal efficiencies increase with flow rate and it increase about 30% at mass flow rate of 0.04-0.08 kg sec-1. Conclusion: The efficiency is increased proportional to mass flow rate and solar radiation and .the efficiency of the collector is strongly dependent on the flow rate.
Highlights
Depleting of fossil and gas reserves, combined with the growing concerns of global warming, has necessitated an urgent search for alternative energy sources to cater to the present day demands
The size of the collector is 1.2 m wide and 2.4 m long. In this type of collector, the air initially enters through the first channel formed by the glass covering the absorber plate and through the second channel formed by the back plate and the finned absorber
The optimum efficiency is about 70% lies between the mass flow rates 0.07-0.08 kg sec−1
Summary
Depleting of fossil and gas reserves, combined with the growing concerns of global warming, has necessitated an urgent search for alternative energy sources to cater to the present day demands. One of the most important components of a solar energy system is the solar collector It is can be used for many applications in drying of agricultural products, space heating, water heating, solar desalination. It is important to note that the most crucial parameter of solar air collectors design is the forced convective heat transfer coefficient between the air and absorber plate (Fudholi et al, 2008). Different modifications are suggested and applied to improve the heat transfer coefficient between the absorber plate and air (Supranto et al, 2009). Sopian et al (2009) studied on the thermal efficiency with and without porous media of the double-pass solar air collector for various operation conditions. The main concern is to study theoretically and experimentally on the thermal efficiency of the double-pass solar air collector with finned absorber
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