Analytical analysis of non-boiling heat transfer during droplet impact on heated wall and the effect of thermophysical properties

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Droplet impact process exhibits excellent heat and mass transfer characteristics. Analytical solution with simple explicit form and certain accuracy can clearly reflect the correlation of physical parameters, however the analytical study on droplet impact heat transfer is quite insufficient and limited to flow field analysis. In this paper, the analytical solutions of heat flux and temperature variation of droplet impact on heated wall in non-boiling regime were obtained based on boundary layer asymptotic matching method. Parameter analysis of thermophysical properties was conducted to explore the decisive properties of droplet and wall materials. The results showed that the analytical solutions are appropriate to predict non-boiling heat transfer at low impact velocity and low initial wall temperature. Parameter analysis showed that thermal effusivity is the decisive property rather than the thermal diffusivity. Wall thermal effusivity could independently determine heat flux, but should determine temperature variation together with wall thermal conductivity. Droplet thermal effusivity and Prandtl number were the decisive properties, however the effect of Prandtl number in reality can be ignored. Wall materials and droplet liquids with higher thermal effusivity showed higher heat transfer capacity. The importance of thermal effusivity was demonstrated and high thermal effusivity was preferred in future thermal management.