Abstract
The expression for differential cross section of elastic and inelastic scattering of relativistic electrons from atoms has been obtained analytically on the basis of distorted-wave theory. Differential section of elastic scattering of electrons from free gold atom calculated in incident energy of electrons ~ 25 eV has been compared with precise calculation method. Thickness of surface layer and root-mean square radius of density distribution of electron in gold atom have been determined.
Highlights
IntroductionAt present there are many experimental and theoretical methods to investigate surfaces and surface area of atoms and solid bodies among which the reactions followed by electrons scattering should be indicated [1, 2, 3]
At present there are many experimental and theoretical methods to investigate surfaces and surface area of atoms and solid bodies among which the reactions followed by electrons scattering should be indicated [1, 2, 3].Study of atomic by electrons is one of the effective methods of research of atoms structure as the character of interaction of electron with nuclear and electrons surrounding nuclear is well known.When studying surface structure of atoms with the help of scattered electrons physics-theoretic have two main tasks: to have more precise wave function of incident particles from atom and possibility of choice of more real test functions of electrons density distribution and transition density
Besides it is advisable to have maximum simple expressions for corresponding form-factors or sections in order to extract important information from the experiment on electrons scattering. It will allow carrying out repeated calculations using various test functions chosen for comparison with the experiment
Summary
At present there are many experimental and theoretical methods to investigate surfaces and surface area of atoms and solid bodies among which the reactions followed by electrons scattering should be indicated [1, 2, 3]. Analyses of a number of experimental data of differential cross-section of on atom nuclear showed that good conformation is obtained in the cases, when wave functions of scattered electrons are distorted both on the phase and amplitude. These effects bring to the displacement of diffraction minimums to the side of small angles and partially fill these minimums. It should be noted that such approach of calculation of distorted phase function and amplitude of scattered waves depending on distribution density of charges in the target gave satisfactory results obtained in a number of calculations of differential sections on elastic and inelastic scattering of high-energetic electrons in nuclear [8]
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