Analysis Using Various Models on the Effect of Metabolic Surgery on Cardiovascular Disease Risk in the Chinese Population with Obesity.

Abstract

Some research have indicated that Bariatric andmetabolic surgery(BMS) can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among individuals with obesity. However, there are few reports available that focuses on assessing effect of BMS on the risk of CVD in Chinese population using multiple models. This research aims to assess the function of BMS on the risk of CVD in Chinese patients with obesity using multiple CVD risk models. We performed a retrospective analysis of the basic data and glycolipid metabolism data preoperatively and postoperatively from patients with obesity at our hospital. Subgroup analysis was carried out according to different surgical procedures. Then, the function of BMS on the risk of CVD in the Chinese population was assessed using four models, including: China-PAR risk model, Framingham risk score (FRS), World Health Organization (WHO) risk model, and Globorisk model. We enrolled 64 patients, 24 (37.5%) of whom underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) while 40 (62.5%) underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). The 10-year CVD risk for patients calculated using the China-PAR risk model decreased from 6.3% preoperatively to 2.0% at 1 year postoperatively and was statistically significantly different. Similarly, the 10-year CVD risk of patients calculated using the FRS, WHO, Global risk model decreased significantly at 1 year postoperatively compared to preoperatively. When the FRS risk model was used to calculate the patients' 30-year postoperative CVD risk, there was a significant decrease at 1 year after surgery compared to the preoperative period. When employing various models to evaluate the 10-year CVD risk for LSG and RYGB, no statistically significant difference was found in the 1-year postoperative RRR between the procedures. The CVD risk after BMS was significantly reduced compared to preoperatively. In terms of improving cardiovascular risk, SG and RYGB appear to be equally effective.