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Abstract
Recent years have witnessed rapid developments in the field of IC engines. Today both the manufacturers and the customers are looking for low polluting and better efficient engines. Basically, the in-cylinder gas motion affects the performance of the engine. Increase in combustion efficiency obviously results in fuel economy and low pollutant emissions. So, it is necessary to have a better control over in-cylinder gas motion. The main objective of this project is three dimensional flow calculations of the compression stroke of a four-valve direct-injection Diesel engine for different Piston configuration. A limited number of validation calculations of the Intake stroke and compression stroke were performed in order to explore the limits of Computational Fluid Dynamics representation of the in-cylinder flow. In the main study, the flow characteristics such as Swirl Ratio, Radial Velocity field and Tangential Velocity field inside the engine cylinder equipped with different piston configurations were analyzed in detail. The results confirmed that the piston geometry had little influence on the in-cylinder flow during the Intake stroke and the first part of Compression stroke. The bowl shape plays a significant role near TDC and in the early stage of the expansion stroke by controlling the turbulence velocity fields.
Highlights
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is a sophisticated computational-based design and analysis technique that enables to study the dynamics of fluid
The results confirmed that the piston geometry had little influence on the in cylinder flow during the intake stroke and the first part of compression stroke
The resulting swirl ratio was calculated for different combustion chamber shapes
Summary
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is a sophisticated computational-based design and analysis technique that enables to study the dynamics of fluid. In the systems which are difficult to model a prototype or test through experimentation, CFD analysis facilitates to virtually move inside the design and check its performance [3, 5]. The CI engines are undergoing various modifications based on their piston-cylinder geometry, fuel injection systems and combustion chambers [10, 11, 12, 13], in order to improve their performance and to reduce the emission levels. Various changes such as intake and exhaust valve arrangements, modification of the piston face are being made to modify the combustion chamber. A virtual prototype of the piston in a cylinder is created and analyzed using CFD software package
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