Analysis on the Development of Chinese Agricultural Machinery

Abstract

To realize the four modernizations of industry, agriculture, science and technology, and defense is the goal of China's socialist construction, as the basic industry, agriculture plays an important role in the national economic development. Agricultural mechanization is the main direction of China's agricultural development, mechanized production can save workforce, labor time; however, only some parts of China have currently implemented agricultural mechanization, most areas are still traditional farming agriculture, so it is urgent to accelerate the reform of agricultural machinery research and development and to improve agricultural mechanization in China. This paper describes the main issues in the development of China's agricultural machinery, noting the direction of China's agricultural development; analyzing the development trend of modern agricultural machinery so as to promote the modernization of China's agricultural machinery development. An agricultural machinery development status and characteristics From the analysis of a series of major positive policy issued in recent years, market demand trends and other product trends and cost tendency, in 2014, China agricultural machinery industry will continue to maintain a sustained, steady, rapid and coordinated development of situation(Figure 1). Fig.1 The agricultural mechanized farming income levels of China in 1949-2013 The main features of China's agricultural machinery development include: the demand increases year by year, agricultural product categories increase, social development pattern of gradual, market-oriented services. With the continuous development of technology and economy, the current level of farming mechanization of China has reached one third, and the total power increased to 8.4 billion KW. On the other hand, the adjustment of industrial structure in rural areas promotes the diversification of agricultural products; machines of pasture, forestry, and industrial crop gradually replace the traditional agricultural machinery products, becoming a direction of selection of agricultural machinery product preferences. Taking the development of a variety of economies as an opportunity, responding to large-scale production of machinery products, such as the demand for lifting equipment, excavators and loaders and other products is also growing. Meanwhile, restrictions on land size in China prompted farm machinery socialization services as the major elements of today's small farmer household’s mechanization of production. According to statistics, by International Conference on Education Technology, Management and Humanities Science (ETMHS 2015) © 2015. The authors Published by Atlantis Press 1162 trans-regional operation, the utilization of combine-harvesters increases from about a week to a month or so every year. Table 1 The United States, Japan, China agricultural machinery development countries period phases characteristic America 1910-1975 year Mechanized phase From half mechanization for mechanization development stage gradually Since 1975year Intelligent, automation development stage Intelligent, automated machinery and become the new mainstream Japan 1947-1984 year From the early stage to In-depth development stage Agricultural mechanization development step by step Since 1985year Diversified development stage Present diversified agricultural machinery China 1996-2003 year Market development phase Under the economic development of the agricultural economy market features obvious Since 2004year Deepening the development stage Secured by the rapid development of national policy As we can see from table 1, the United States and Japan use of agricultural machinery earlier time, management experience, since 2004, the rapid development of China's agricultural machinery is under the protection of national policy, but less prominent contradictions basis. Table 2 China, the United States and Canada compare the cost of production of major agricultural products