Abstract
This work discussed the optimized cut of single crystal lead magnoniobate titanate (PMNT) for use of ring type travelling wave ultrasonic motors (USMs), according to anisotropic analysis on electromechanical properties. The selection criterion of crystal orientation relies on the circular uniformity of the induced travelling wave amplitude on the stator surface. By calculating the equivalent elastic coefficient c11 and lateral piezoelectric constant d31, the optimal crystal orientations were proposed for PMNT single crystals poled along different directions. For single crystal poled along <001>c directions, the optimal orientation lies along [001]c with d31=-1335pC/N and k31=0.87. The crystallographic orientation [025]c is the optimized orientation for single crystals poled along <011>c direction with d31=199pC/N and k31=0.55. The optimal orientation of 1R configuration is [332¯]c with a large enhancement of d31 = 1201 and k31=0.92.
Highlights
Ultrasonic motors (USMs) have been applied broadly in aerospace, robot and digital camera industries due to their high torque, compact geometry, self-lock and high resolution of displacement control, especially for those in extreme environments, e.g., deep space exploration.1–6 Lead magnoniobate titanate (PMNT) single crystals at the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) have excellent eletromechanical properties
The lateral piezoelectric strain coefficient d31 and the electromechanical coupling factor k31 were measured to be up to -1335 pC/N and 87% respectively after a polarization process along pseudo-cubic [001]c direction.7. This type of crystal exhibits excellent piezoelectric properties at cryogenic temperatures compared with piezoelectric ceramics
A linear USM and a traveling wave step motor using PMNT single crystals were successfully demonstrated working at liquid nitrogen temperature with slight output decrease
Summary
The amplitude of the travelling wave could distort in the circular direction, which would deteriorate the motor performance. To improve the performance of single crystal piezoelectric device, some work had been done on analyzing the anisotropic properties of piezoelectric single crystals for different domain engineered configurations. Orientation dependence of PMNT single crystal piezoelectric properties has been reported. The anisotropic analysis for the PMNT single crystal ring concerning amplitude uniformity on the stator of traveling wave motors, has not been reported yet. This paper discusses the selection criterion of crystal orientation regarding the circular symmetry of the amplitude A of the elliptical motion of the stator surface and presents optimized orientations for PMN-0.33PT single crystals poled along different directions. The reasons about changes of piezoelectric properties were discussed on the basis of engineered domain configuration Based on the domain engineered states inducing by polarization along c, c and c. the reasons about changes of piezoelectric properties were discussed on the basis of engineered domain configuration
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