Analysis on Influencing Factors of Depression and Anxiety Among College Students and Their Association with Corona Virus Disease 2019 Risk Perception

Abstract

<i>Objective</i> The purpose of this study was to investigate the influencing factors of depression and anxiety, and explore the relationship between depression and anxiety and risk perception of college students. <i>Method</i> Random sampling was used to conduct self-design questionnaire survey among 3084 students in Shandong Institute of Petroleum and Chemical Technology. The survey content includes demographic characteristics, influencing factors, Depression Self-rating Scale, Anxiety Self-rating Scale and Corona Virus Disease 19 risk perception Scale. <i>Results</i> According to multivariate Logistic regression, after adjusting for confounding factors, the influencing factors that decrease depression among participants included having breakfast everyday (OR = 0.714, 95%CI: 0.521 ~ 0.979), exercising 3 ~ 4 times per week (OR = 0.632, 95%CI: 0.471 ~ 0.848), exercising more than 4 times per week (OR = 0.618, 95%CI: 0.457 ~ 0.835), sleeping 6 ~ 8 hours per day (OR = 0.613, 95%CI: 0..443 ~ 0.847), sleeping more than 8 hours per day (OR = 0.509, 95%CI: 0.353 ~ 0.732); the influencing factors that increase depression among participants included having night snacks 1 ~ 4 times per week (OR = 1.299, 95%CI: 1.093 ~ 2.543), having night snacks more than 4 times per week (OR = 1.523, 95%CI: 1.062 ~ 2.185), neutral personality (OR = 1.597, 95%CI: 1.298 ~ 1.965), introverted personality (OR = 2.741, 95%CI: 2.117 ~ 3.549), neutral temperament (OR = 1.489, 95%CI: 1.257 ~ 1.763), wild temperament (OR = 4.161, 95%CI: 2.933 ~ 5.904) and high risk perception (OR = 2.509, 95%CI: 2.017 ~ 3.122); the influencing factors that decrease anxiety among participants included sleeping 6 ~ 8 hours per day (OR = 0.568, 95%CI: 0.404 ~ 0.800) and sleeping more than 8 hours per day (OR = 0.438, 95%CI: 0.293 ~ 0.654); the influencing factors that increase anxiety among participants included drinking alcohol more than 4 times everyday (OR = 2.329, 95%CI: 1.020 ~ 5.319), having night snack 1 ~ 4 times every week (OR = 1.239, 95%CI: 1.010 ~ 1.519), having night snack more than 4 times every week (OR = 1.603, 95%CI: 1.081 ~ 2.379), neutral personality (OR = 1.629, 95%CI: 1.271 ~ 2.089), introverted personality (OR = 1.758, 95%CI: 1.292 ~ 2.393), wild temperament (OR = 2.261, 95%CI: 1.574 ~ 3.247) and high risk perception (OR = 3.104, 95%CI: 2.476 ~ 3.892). <i>Conclusion </i>During the Corona Virus Disease 2019 pandemic, depression and anxiety among college students are closely related to their dietary habits, alcohol consumption, exercise frequency, sleep duration, personality, temperament, and risk perception level.