Analysis on Illegal Crossing Behavior of Pedestrians at Signalized Intersections Based on Bayesian Network

Yingying Ma,Siyuan Lu,Yuanyuan Zhang

doi:10.1155/2020/2675197

Abstract

Pedestrians do not always comply with the crossing rules of when and/or where to cross the road at signalized intersections. This risky behavior tends to undermine greatly the effectiveness of safety countermeasures at such locations. Thus, it is very important to understand illegal behavior to develop more effective and targeting measures. In order to address the problem, this paper aimed to analyze characteristics of illegal crossings and their impact on behavior choice. Firstly, illegal crossing behaviors at signalized intersections were classified into two categories, including “crossing at a red light” and “crossing outside of a crosswalk.” Secondly, two sets of data were collected to understand the behaviors. One set of data was collected from video-based observation conducted at 3 signalized intersections in Guangzhou, China, capturing 3334 valid illegal crossing cases in total. Another set of data, from a questionnaire survey conducted online, resulted in 275 valid responses. Finally, presentational characteristics of illegal crossings at signalized intersection were analyzed and two Bayesian network-based behavior models were developed to investigate the characteristics and their impacts on the two types of illegal crossing behaviors, “crossing at a red light” and “crossing outside of a crosswalk,” respectively. Findings reveal that, (i) illegal crossings occur at various types of signalized intersections, with a higher probability for “crossing outside of a crosswalk” compared to “crossing at a red light;” (ii) Arc routing crossing has the highest probability to occur at signalized intersections compared to other types of out-side-crosswalk crossings. (iii) The location of origin and destination of a pedestrian has a significant effect on crossing outside of a crosswalk, the location of origin and destination of “one is inside of a crosswalk and another is outside of a crosswalk” has a highest proportion. These findings provide better understanding of illegal crossings and their impact factors so that the effectiveness of management and control of pedestrians at signalized intersections can be improved.

Highlights

Introduction e National Highway Tra c Safety Administration (NHTSA) reports that during the 10-year period of 2008–2017, the number of pedestrian fatalities in the U.S increased by 35 percent, from 4,414 deaths in 2008 to 5,977 deaths in 2017
Illegal crossings mainly include pedestrians crossing at red lights or outside of marked crosswalks, with the latter usually being ignored. is hazardous behavior may cause incidents between them and drivers. erefore, it is necessary to analyze pedestrian violation behaviors at signalized intersections to reduce them
Bayesian uses graphical networks to reveal structures of one variable to another, so it can better describe the relationship of behavior and various factors, as well as one factor to another. erefore, this paper tentatively proposes a new method to analyze pedestrian illegal crossings based on Bayesian network model, which can be used to analyze the mechanism between illegal crossings and related factors

Summary

Introduction

Safety Administration (NHTSA) reports that during the 10-year period of 2008–2017, the number of pedestrian fatalities in the U.S increased by 35 percent, from 4,414 deaths in 2008 to 5,977 deaths in 2017. While pedestrian deaths have been increasing, the number of all other tra c deaths combined decreased by six percent (ghsa.org/resources/Pedestrians). In China, illegal crossing at signalized intersections is a serious problem. In 2014, there were 2242 pedestrian accidents in China, with 1247 deaths, averaging 3.42 deaths per day due to various illegal and risky pedestrian actions on the road. Illegal crossings mainly include pedestrians crossing at red lights or outside of marked crosswalks, with the latter usually being ignored. Is hazardous behavior may cause incidents between them and drivers. Erefore, it is necessary to analyze pedestrian violation behaviors at signalized intersections to reduce them Illegal crossings mainly include pedestrians crossing at red lights or outside of marked crosswalks, with the latter usually being ignored. is hazardous behavior may cause incidents between them and drivers. erefore, it is necessary to analyze pedestrian violation behaviors at signalized intersections to reduce them

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Conclusion