Analysis on diarrhea pathogens in Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan and Chongqing from 2012 to 2015

Abstract

Objective To explore the epidemic characteristics of diarrhea pathogens in Yunnan, Sichuan and Guizhou province as well as Chongqing municipality. Methods Diarrhea cases were collected and retrospectively analyzed from sentinel hospitals in 4 provinces and city from 2012 to 2015. The pathogen composition was summarized. Results Diarrhea cases began to increase in July every year, and reached the peak from September to November. Male cases were 1.49 times more than female ones. Patients under 2 years old accounted for 66.49% (3 489 cases) . Detection rates of diarrhea viruses and bacteria were 30.90% (1 305/4 223) and 9.50% (364/3 830) , while 3 cases were parasitic infection. Rotavirus was the major virus detected in Sichuan, Yunnan and Chongqing accounting for 43.06%, 56.90% and 49.87%, respectively. Norovirus was the major virus detected in Guizhou (38.18%) . Escherichia coli was common in the bacterial diarrhea cases in Guizhou and Yunnan accounting for 51.09% and 76.30%, respectively. Nontyphoidal Salmonella was prevalent in Sichuan and Chongqing accounting for 50.41% and 81.58%, respectively. The proportion of diarrhea patients with viral infection was 76.83%, following by bacterial infection, and the proportion of mixed infection of virus and bacteria was 6.03%. Conclusions Diarrhea is commonly seen in infants and young children, and viruses are the major pathogens. Measures should be taken to strengthen the control and prevention of diarrhea diseases in children in summer and autumn. Key words: Diarrhea; Bacteria; Viruses; Parasites