Abstract
This article makes an analysis on effective agricultural land system in China after the founding of PRC from thethree aspects of its root cause, incentive mechanism and assets rights of farmers. According to the authors, at thestage of low economic development, we should carry out agricultural land system through improving theincentive mechanism and enlarging assets rights of farmers, etc. Agricultural land systems with differentefficiency differ from each other in the following aspects: whether peasant households really own the propertyright and whether their internal incentive mechanism can be brought into play to mobilize the enthusiasm ofproducers.
Highlights
In essence, agricultural land system, as relations of production, embodies relationship between various factors of agricultural production and reflects the status of all stakeholders in agriculture, which forms the hierarchical relationship of interests in agricultural production and affects the economic behavior of people in agricultural production
The agricultural productivity here is measured by the index of agricultural gross output value for the following two reasons: firstly, agricultural gross output value is one of the basic indices to measure agricultural productivity; secondly, it is difficult to get access to comprehensive agricultural production data, whereas the index of agricultural gross output value is easy to be available among the limited amount of data
According to the situation of changes of agricultural growth rate, the effective agricultural land system after the founding of PRC included the agricultural land systems of the four periods: respectively, private land ownership system before 1952, the mutual aid team and elementary agricultural producers’ cooperative system between 1953 and 1958 when the collective land system was implemented, the period between 1963 and 1967 when the production distribution right was transferred to the production team and the rural household contract responsibility system after 1978
Summary
According to Economics theory, people in the economic activities are with rationality, and the rational economic entity may make response to stimulation from the outside and decide their actual input in economic activities. Private land ownership system and household contract responsibility system can fully mobilize enthusiasm of producers in production These effective agricultural land systems can economize expenses of supervision, etc, with low cost of operation. What the supervision mechanism in collective economy ought to resolve was to unify workpoints (the quantity expended) with the actual efforts they made (the quality expended), so as to enable workpoints to really reflect the actual efforts producers made. This depended on the degree of supervision on laborers. The stimulation mechanism under the collective economic system is out of operation (Zhou Qiren, 1997)
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