Abstract
Groundwater is the major source for fulfilling the water needs of domestic and agricultural sectors in Mewat district, Haryana, India and its continuous use has put an enormous pressure on the groundwater resource, which along with low rainfall and variable geographical conditions lead to the declining water levels. The other problem of this area is high salinity which is reported intruding to the freshwater zone1. Taking into account the twin problem of declining water level and high salinity the study was taken up jointly by National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee; Sehgal Foundation, Gurgaon and Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee. Groundwater level and TDS (Total dissolved solids) data for pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons for the time period of 2011–2015 of 40 monitoring wells developed by Sehgal Foundation, Gurgaon was collected and analysed. It has been found that the groundwater level is decreasing in the area while TDS values show inconsistent trends during 2011-15. Further monitoring of the wells is continued to get the more information on water level and TDS which will help in facilitating the researchers in finding out the applicable solutions for the above problems in the Mewat, Haryana.
Highlights
With an estimated abstraction of around 230 billion cubic meter per year, India is reported as one of the largest groundwater users in the world
It has been observed that the groundwater is declining in some wells due to high extraction, low rainfall, and variable geographical conditions as fresh water sources are mostly situated along the steeper Aravalli hills
High salinity is found in some areas and is reported to intrude the fresh water zones1
Summary
With an estimated abstraction of around 230 billion cubic meter per year, India is reported as one of the largest groundwater users in the world. Groundwater accounts for 85% of India’s rural domestic water requirements and more than 60% of its irrigation requirements. Groundwater accounts for 85% of India’s rural domestic water requirements and more than 60% of its irrigation requirements2 This excessive use of groundwater has led to its depletion and deterioration of quality in north-west India and across the Gangetic basin which has been reported in many studies. Haryana, India is major agricultural land area with deficit of perennial surface water sources and the main source of irrigation and domestic use is groundwater. The natural surface water sources like Kotla and Ujina lakes remains dry most of the time of the year because of the limited number of rainy days.
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