Abstract
Apple fruits (Malus domestica Borkh. cv. `Red Delicious') stored for 6 months at 2°C in air were analyzed for headspace volatiles by SPME-GC and for surface components by HPLC of hexane extracts. Analysis of headspace volatiles evolved from whole fruit showed five major volatiles that were identified previously as: acetic acid, hexyl ester; hexanoic acid, butyl ester; octanoic acid, propyl ester; hexanoic acid, hexyl ester; and the sesquiterpene, α-farnesene. No significant differences existed in these volatiles between scald-developing and non-scald developing apples. To explore potential differences in volatile evolution, fruit developing scald were cut (axial plane) into scalding and non-scalding halves for analysis. In all cases, volatile emission was much higher from the non-scalding side of the fruit, and the ratio of volatile levels from non-scalding to scalding averaged greater that 2. Various regions of tissue from the same fruit were extracted in hexane for estimation of levels of α-farnesene and its potential catabolites by HPLC. The levels and proportions of the components were nearly identical to those observed during headspace volatile analysis of half fruit. The results suggest that there are potential differences in α-farnesene metabolism an/or permeability of apple cuticle to volatiles between scald-developing and non-scald developing regions of apple fruit.
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