Abstract
The essential oil of Adenosma indianum (Lour.) Merr. plays an important role in its antibacterial and antiphlogistic activities. In this work, the volatile components were extracted by steam distillation (SD) and headspace solid‐phase microextraction (HS‐SPME) and analysed by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). A total of 49 volatile components were identified by GC‐MS, and the major volatile components were α‐limonene (20.59–35.07%), fenchone (15.79–31.81%), α‐caryophyllene (6.98–10.32%), β‐caryophyllene (6.98–10.19%), and piperitenone oxide (1.96–11.63%). The comparison of the volatile components from A. indianum (Lour.) Merr. grown in two regions of China was reported. Also, the comparison of the volatile components by SD and HS‐SPME was discussed. The results showed that the major volatile components of A. indianum (Lour.) Merr. from two regions of China were similar but varied with different extraction methods. These results were indicative of the suitability of HS‐SPME method for simple, rapid, and solvent‐free analysis of the volatile components of the medicinal plants.
Highlights
Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) are invaluable drug resources
Steam distillation (SD) is the most common extraction technique used to obtain the volatile components from the plant materials, but it is time-consuming and needs large amounts of sample as well as losses of low-boiling-point volatile compounds during solvent removal
The volatile profile of the essential oil extracted by steam distillation (SD) from A. indianum (Lour.) Merr. grown in region A (Guangxi province) was found to be in good agreement with that from region B (Guangdong province)
Summary
Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) are invaluable drug resources. Because of their high pharmacological activity, low toxicity, and rare complications, they have been used in clinical therapy of many diseases for a thousand years in China [1]. Headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) is a promising technique for the extraction and enrichment of volatile compounds from different sample matrices [8,9,10] It uses a fine rod with a polymeric coating to extract organic compounds from their matrix and directly transfer them into the injector of a gas chromatograph for thermal desorption and analysis. It is a growing sample preparation technique and an attractive alternative to conventional extraction methods such as SD and SFE, which reduces solvent usage and exposure, disposal costs, and extraction time for sample separation and concentration purposes. The volatile profile may not exactly reflect the proportion of volatile components from the medicinal plant by HS-SPME sampling
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