Abstract
A rapid and simple multiclass, ethyl acetate (EtOAc) multiresidue method based on liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) detection was developed for the determination and quantification of 26 veterinary drugs and 187 total pesticide residues in milk. Sample preparation was a simple procedure based on liquid–liquid extraction with ethyl acetate containing 0.1% acetic acid, followed by centrifugation and evaporation of the supernatant. The residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate with 0.1% acetic acid and centrifuged prior to LC-MS/MS analysis. Chromatographic separation of analytes was performed on an Inertsil X-Terra C18 column with acetic acid in methanol and water gradient. The repeatability and reproducibility were in the range of 2 to 13% and 6 to 16%, respectively. The average recoveries ranged from 75 to 120% with the RSD (n = 18). The developed method was validated according to the criteria set in Commission Decision 2002/657/EC and SANTE/11945/2015. The validated methodology represents a fast and cheap alternative for the simultaneous analysis of veterinary drug and pesticide residues which can be easily extended to other compounds and matrices.
Highlights
Veterinary drugs are widely used in medical and veterinary practices to treat and prevent disease as well as improve feed efficiency and increase animal growth rates [1]
These values were within 1 < relative standard deviation (RSD) < 10 for 75% of each analyte in the three procedures. These results indicated that the EtOAc without salt method was precise, accurate, and reliable for the analysis of the veterinary drug and pesticide compounds in the milk samples as an alternative method
Matrix effect was further evaluated for ion suppression between the standards prepared in pure solvent and standards prepared in matrix and the matrix effect was found to be in a range of 15–25%. These results showed that standard calibration which was simpler and less timeconsuming compared with matrix-matched calibration can effectively be used for quantitation of veterinary drug and pesticides in milk (Table 2)
Summary
Veterinary drugs are widely used in medical and veterinary practices to treat and prevent disease as well as improve feed efficiency and increase animal growth rates [1]. According to the European Union, the maximum residue limit (MRL) in dairy milk is 100 μg/kg for tetracycline and sulfenamide, 50 μg/kg for macrolides and quinolones, and μg/kg for pesticides. Sensitive analytic methods have been developed to monitor and detect the MRL values in the dairy milk [3]. There are ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) methods reported to detect multiple residues of β-lactams [4, 5], as well as pesticides and mycotoxins [6], and some antihelminthic drugs and phenylbutazone [7]
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