Analysis of Vegetation Index of Oil Palm Plants infected with Ganoderma Disease

Abstract

One of the characteristics of Ganoderma disease is that it is asymptomatic, visual symptoms appear when the condition of the plant is severe so early detection and identification become a fundamental problem. This study aims to identify Ganoderma disease by analyzing the vegetation index NDVI, GNDVI, and SAVI based on the reflectance value of oil palm plant images recorded with a UAV vehicle equipped with a multispectral sensor 3 bands red (Red), green (Green), infrared (Near Infra Red) at 660nm, 550nm and 850nm wavelengths. The software used is Mission Planner, Agisoft Meta Shape, Mapir Camera Control, ArcGIS 10.5, and ENVI 5.3. The research location is in an oil palm plantation in Pabatu in an area of 247ha planted in 2004 and 2005. The results of observations of Ganoderma disease reached 24.1%. The reflectance value of infected plants was lower than that of healthy plants with a ratio of 56.7%, 66.5%, and 44.7% in the R, G, and NIR bands. The reflectance value consistently decreases with an increasing attack of Ganoderma disease. The NDVI, GNDVI, and SAVI values in healthy plants were 0.29; 0.34, and 0.21, and in infected plants the values were lower. Vegetation index parameters can be important information to detect and identify Ganoderma disease attacks.