Abstract

Wind Energy is an intermittent and unpredictable resource. During the high penetration of wind power into the power grid, wind turbines can affect power quality substantially. Voltage fluctuations or flicker, Harmonics and Inter-harmonics, and Voltage drops are all present in this environment. Subsequent affects on active and reactive power, can lead to degrading of grid protection and increased reconnection time. Energy storage systems (ESS) with variable speed wind turbines (VSWT) such as a Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) or a Permanent Magnetic Synchronous Generator (PMSG) could be a solution to improving the power quality resulting from the “variability” of wind output power. This paper describes the performance analysis of different Hybrid ESS's (Battery ESS, Super Capacitor ESS and Electrical Dual Layer Capacitor ESS) connected to two different models of 2MW, 60Hz VSWT's to improve the power quality measured in terms of Total Harmonic Distortion (THD). From simulation results, a Proposed Hybrid System is shown to be a solution in overcoming the problems of high THD and hence the improvement of power quality. Simulation studies have been carried out on a Power System Computer Aided Design /Electromagnetic Transients Direct Current (PSCAD/EMTDC) to compare and verify the system performance under different scenarios.

Highlights

  • The DOE’s 2009 Annual Energy Outlook projected energy accumulation in the USA

  • The stator winding of the wind turbine is directly connected to the grid winding, while the rotor winding of the generator is fed by variable frequency bidirectional back-to-back pulse width modulation (PWM) based on the voltage source converter, which consists of rotor side converter (RSC) and grid side converter (GSC)

  • These results indicate that an Energy storage systems (ESSs) which reduces Total harmonic distortion (THD) (%) is to be improved

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Summary

Introduction

The DOE’s 2009 Annual Energy Outlook projected energy accumulation in the USA. The report describes that the future growth of domestic electric energy will increase by 26% for electricity sector by 2030. The stator winding of the wind turbine is directly connected to the grid winding, while the rotor winding of the generator is fed by variable frequency bidirectional back-to-back PWM based on the voltage source converter, which consists of rotor side converter (RSC) and grid side converter (GSC). It has typically about 30% of nominal generator power [3, 4]. Energy management system of flywheel ESS used to fuzzy logic for two optimized models as constraint condition and determine optimization objective to control of FESS [21]

Configuration of the hybrid ESS of the variable speed wind turbines
Model of the wind turbines
Park’s model of the VSWT
Modeling and control of the grid connected to various ESSs
Modeling and control of energy storage systems
Energy flow and Total harmonic distortion of various energy storage systems
State of charge
Super capacitor ESS
Electrical dual layer capacitor ESS
Simulation results and discussion
Conclusion
Findings
Background

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