Abstract
利用昆明低纬度测站（24.7°N，102.9°E，磁纬15.1°N）2016－2019年的观测数据和最新版的国际参考电离层（IRI-2020）模拟结果，对昆明地区电离层总电子含量（TEC）在太阳活动下降年期间的变化特征及与模型输出进行对比研究。结果表明, 昆明TEC存在明显的春秋高值、夏冬低值的半年异常；白天高值、夜间低值的日变化特点突出，日峰值出现在06:30－08:00 UT（约13:00－15:00 LT）；TEC随太阳活动减弱而明显下降，年平均峰值在2016－2019年分别为48，33，27，24 TECU；日峰值TEC与<i>F</i><sub>10.7</sub>存在显著相关，月均值相关系数达到0.86，而与<i>Ap</i>指数则表现为弱相关； IRI-2020能较好地模拟昆明地区TEC的季节变化，但与观测值存在较大差异；均方根偏差值多集中在2~15 TECU，相对偏差百分比值主要在–85%~50%范围变化。对比结果表明IRI-2020的预测精度仍有待提高。
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