Abstract
This paper describes the analysis of cannabinoids in the hair of the user of the narcotic type of marijuana <i>(Cannabis sativa L)</i>, using the technique Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy (GCMS) and the validation of the method used. This research was conducted through experiments. Samples were taken from users of narcotic type of marijuana, found in Al-Kamal Sibolangit Rehabilitation Centre, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Marijuana plants were taken from the evidence in Forensic Laboratory of Medan Branch Police. Extraction is done through maceration by sonication at 42 KHz and using methanol – 2 propanol (1:1), kloroform, and petroleum benzene each of 2 ml for 5 minutes. Testing is done with fast blue salt B test and show there is a precipitate Violet. Optimal results obtained at a temperature of 50°C extraction. Identification is done with Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) in the mobile phase of toluene and n-hexane (1:1) under alkaline conditions of pH 9,5, followed by GC MS techniques for sixteen (16) minutes. The results are contained compounds of cannabidiol, cannabinol, and Δ<sup>9</sup>THC (Tetrahydrocannabinoid) with concentrations ranging from 0.25 up to 2.82 ng/mg in the hair of the user. Validation of GC MS method for the compounds of cannabidiol, cannabinol, and Δ<sup>9</sup>THC produces an accuracy value with <i>%recovery</i> is 103,83, 102,67, and 101,17 respectively. Precision test produces a value of Relatif Standard Deviation (RSD) = 1,3058%, 0,8997%, dan 0,8997% respectively. Linearity test generate r value each of the regression is 0,922, 0,955, and 0,921. Limits of Detection (LOD) is obtained 0,000168 ng/mg, 0,000117 ng/mg, and 0,000164 respectively. Limits of Quantification (LOQ) is 0,00056 ng/mg, 0,00039 ng/mg, and 0,00054 ng/mg respectively. This indicates that the modification process of extraction and GC MS techniques used could produce cannabinoid compounds (cannabidiol, cannabinol, and Δ<sup>9</sup>THC) in hair samples quickly and accurately.
Highlights
IntroductionNarcotics is a drug that in small doses dulls the senses, relieves pain, and brings on sleep but in larger doses has dangerous effects, that includes some (as morphine) that are used in medicine and others (as heroin) that are used illegally, often and that causes addiction
Narcotics is a drug that in small doses dulls the senses, relieves pain, and brings on sleep but in larger doses has dangerous effects, that includes some that are used in medicine and others that are used illegally, often and that causes addiction
Preliminary test use Reagens fast blue salt B test and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), that followed by assay techniques cannnabinoid with Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy (GCMS) [24] and validating the methods of instrumentation
Summary
Narcotics is a drug that in small doses dulls the senses, relieves pain, and brings on sleep but in larger doses has dangerous effects, that includes some (as morphine) that are used in medicine and others (as heroin) that are used illegally, often and that causes addiction Some of these compounds have been shown to have complex biological effects on various systems, including the reproductive system. There are certain areas in some countries that use as an ingredient in cooking [3]. Another use is often together with heroin, sometimes mixed with tea to drink [4]
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