Analysis of UAV data communication stability method in extreme environment

Abstract

In order to get in touch with the affected area smoothly after the disaster, this paper uses drones as air base stations. Their high mobility and sensitivity make them apt for such critical roles. However, during extreme weather conditions, these unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) encounter various challenges that can impair their stability and, consequently, their ability to serve as reliable air base stations. As a result, signal transmission can be interrupted or severely limited. Among the common factors affecting UAV stability are strong winds, temperature fluctuations, heavy rainfall, and electromagnetic interference. These factors can cause the UAVs to deviate from their intended flight paths, drop in altitude, or even lose connection with the ground control. As a consequence, the reliability of communication, so critical in emergency situations, gets compromised. To address the problem of degraded UAV stability, several solutions have been proposed and implemented. One approach involves enhancing the drone's onboard stabilization systems, incorporating advanced algorithms that allow it to autonomously adjust to environmental changes. Another strategy is the deployment of a network of drones, ensuring redundancy. If one drone faces difficulties, another can take over, maintaining the communication link. Furthermore, advances in materials science have led to the development of UAVs with more robust structures, capable of withstanding the rigors of adverse weather conditions. Lastly, the use of ground-based boosters or repeaters can amplify signals, ensuring that even if a UAV's transmission is weak, the communication remains uninterrupted.