Analysis of twin pregnancy based on obstetrics and perinatal outcome in a tertiary care hospital in North-East India

Abstract

Background and Objective: Over the last decade, the incidence of twin pregnancies has been enormously increased. Preterm births and neonatal deaths are associated with twin pregnancies which might be due to prematurity, fetal growth restriction and low birth weight. In the present study, the consequences of twin pregnancy have been analyzed. Methods: This descriptive observational study has been conducted in Silchar Medical College and Hospital in between June 1st 2020 to May 31st 2021.A total of 120 twin pregnant women admitted in maternity ward in labour during the study period. Maternal and perinatal outcome has been analyzed. Result: The result showed that pregnancy complications were remarkably higher. Preterm labour 65.4%, hypertensive disorder of pregnancy 35.2%, premature rupture of membrane 30.2%, anaemia 44.1%, antepartum haemorrhage 7.5%, liquor abnormalities 11.6%, cesarean section 46.7%, postpartum haemorrhage 18.3%, gestational diabetes mellitus 5.8% are the complications encountered. About 10.1% of first twins and 17% of second twins were asphyxiated (APGAR score <7) at 5 minutes of birth. The perinatal mortality rate was 10.2% for first twin and 16.2% for second twin. Very low birth weight (<1500 g) were 18.3% of 1st twins and 24.2% of 2nd twins. Low birth weight (1500 to 2000g) 41.7% of 1st twins and 38.3% of 2nd twins. Presentations during delivery of twin babies were vertex-vertex 50.8%, vertex-non vertex in 29.1%, non-vertex 1st twins 19.8%. Conclusion: Institutional deliveries are essential in twin pregnancies because twin pregnancies are considered as high-risk pregnancies. Early diagnosis, adequate ante-natal, intra-natal and postnatal care are important to boost the outcome.