Analysis of trace degradation products (decarboxylated diastereoisomers) of S-adenosylmethionine by electrophoresis in capillaries with cationic coatings (N-methylpolyvinylpyridinium or divalent barium)

Abstract

Commercial preparations of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) when analyzed in uncoated capillaries show a minute impurity believed to be decarboxylated (dc) SAM. By using two types of cationic coatings, thus reducing the electro-endo-osmotic flow (EOF), it was possible to separate this impurity into two diastereoisomers of dcSAM. The coatings evaluated for this purpose were: (i) N-methylpolyvinylpyridinium, used under reversed EOF at acidic conditions (pH 4.0) and (ii) deposition of divalent barium at alkaline pH values (pH 9.4), providing reduced EOF. Under these conditions, it was possible to separate this impurity into two diastereoisomers, which by chemical synthesis were indeed proven to be dcSAM. It was further demonstrated that, in the alkylation of 5'-methylthioadenosine by 3-bromopropylamine in bromidric acid to dcSAM, another minute impurity was present, proven, via mass spectrometry, to consist of S-(5'-adenosyl)-3-thiopropylamine (decarboxylated and demethylated (dc-SAH)). The LOD for the two dcSAM diastereoisomers was assessed as 17.5 μg/mL and their LOQ as 25.5 μg/mL. By the barium-based protocol it was possible to quantify the dcSAM, present in a commercial sample of SAM, as a 0.1% impurity.