Abstract
The cultivation of vegetables and fruit trees was the main activity of the Romanian farms, a country badly affected both by the process of nationalization / collectivization during the communist period and by the defective retrocession of the post-communist period. But since 2007, investments in agriculture, including those in the fruit and vegetables sector, have played an essential role, both by setting up new agricultural holdings and by upgrading the existing ones. During the programming period 2007-2013 and 2014-2020, farmers could access measures that can be plunged into the fruit and vegetable sector. Starting from the main advantages of the fruit and vegetables sector, such as the large assortment of fruit and vegetable species and varieties, the large number of farms, the pedo-climatic conditions favorable to the cultivation of a significant number of varieties, the growing of the areas cultivated with vegetables in protected areas Modernization of the processing units, improving the fruit and vegetable harvesting activity play a particularly important role in the revitalization of this sector. The market for vegetables and fruits is influenced by a number of factors such as: the demand and supply atomicity, product homogeneity, the seasonality of vegetable and fruit products, the high degree of perishability, the demand for vegetables and fruits has a continuous character, the production of vegetables and fruits has different destinations. Modern analysis of the global value chain focuses on actors’ relationships as a way to reduce uncertainty, improve access to key resources and increase chain efficiency. For the proper functioning of the vegetable and fruit chain, the producer groups and producer organizations are extremely important.
Highlights
Over the last 20 years, the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) has reduced the regulation of agricultural markets, allowing market forces to guide the production
After the fall of communism, the return of nationalized land to former owners began, through a succession of laws whose repercussions felt profoundly on systems of production, post- harvest recovery, infrastructure, research and agricultural consultancy. This has led to dramatic drops in indigenous production levels, but favorable conditions in Romania such as fertile soils, hydrographic network, temperate continental climate have led to the intensive cultivation of vegetables and fruit, developing a whole sector activity in this field (MADR, 2008)
Taking into account the extremely high potential of this sector in Romania, namely the large number of farms where a vast variety of species and varieties of vegetables and fruits are grown, the increase of the areas on which varieties are grown competitive capacity of fruit trees and vegetables, production capacity in the climatic areas of mushrooms, as well as the areas cultivated with vegetables in modern protected areas, and the possibility of modernizing the processing units, the national strategy for the operational programs in the sector fruit and vegetables for the period 20092013, where a series of common performance indicators have been established to help this sector grow by implementing several types of actions such as (AREFLH, 2016):
Summary
Over the last 20 years, the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) has reduced the regulation of agricultural markets, allowing market forces to guide the production. This general approach was applied to the fruit and vegetable sector, whereby instruments such as export refunds or minimum prices that the operators of the processing sector were forced to pay to farmers for certain products (Buda D., 2018). The CAP provides financial support to producer organizations, which they use to implement "operational programs" Producer organizations use these programs to meet a variety of objectives tailored to their specific situation, such as investing in market campaigns or training activities. Producer organizations are the main actors in the common organization of the market in fruit and International Journal of Innovation and Economics Development, vol 6, issue 5, pages 78-83, December 2020
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