Abstract
Orbital angular momentum modes in optical fibers have polarization mode dispersion. The relationship between polarization mode dispersion and the birefringence vector can be deduced using an optical fiber dynamic equation. First, a mathematical model was established to formulate mode dispersion caused by stress-induced birefringence. Second, in the stress-induced birefringence simulation model, the finite element method was used to analyze the transmission characteristics of the hollow-core circular photonic crystal fiber. Finally, mode dispersion caused by stress-induced birefringence was obtained using theoretical derivation and simulation analyses. The results showed that the new fiber type has good transmission characteristics and strong stress sensitivity, which provide key theoretical support for optimizing the structural parameters of optical fiber and designing stress sensors.
Highlights
With the development of 5G—Internet of things, big data, and real-time data—optical fiber communication systems, it is imperative to expand their capacity, improve transmission stability, and network intelligence [1,2,3]
The results indicate that the new type hollow-core C-photonic crystal fiber (PCF) fiber can realize effective segregation and stable transmission of Orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes
The stress-induced birefringence formula can be used to calculate the cross-section of any photonic crystal fiber with an irregular shape
Summary
With the development of 5G—Internet of things, big data, and real-time data—optical fiber communication systems, it is imperative to expand their capacity, improve transmission stability, and network intelligence [1,2,3]. A new type, C-PCF, designed by Zhang et al was able to transmit OAM mode with low transmission loss and flat dispersion [12]. PCF is of great potential in the optical fiber communication field because it has the characteristics of low loss, small dispersion, and low nonlinear effect, especially for long-distance communication systems. The main contribution in this paper is that the transmission characteristics and stress-induced birefringence of the new designed C-PCF. The results indicate that the new type hollow-core C-PCF fiber can realize effective segregation and stable transmission of OAM modes. The designed hollow-core C-PCF in the application of MDM fiber communication systems might greatly improve channel capacity and spectral efficiency
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