Abstract
The submarines studied in this work have an indisputable advantage, consisting in increased concealment, which allows them to concentrate in strategically important areas of the water area with attack means containing a combat unit of various composition and power. Concealment of the submarines significantly increases the danger of hitting critical infrastructures of states of medium and small area, even without their own water area. Submarines, in addition to the marked advantage, have obvious disadvantages, which include «blindness» and «noisiness». Therefore, when solving tactical and strategic tasks of defense significance, it is necessary to take into account the need to eliminate these disadvantages. One of the variants of the technical solution is presented for providing the submarine camouflage from the direction finding equipment with the help of hydroacoustic stations – underkeel, drop, towed. An analytical model of the technical effect is constructed to achieve limited visibility of the submarine outside the zone of geometric resonance. The effectiveness degree of submarine camouflage is analyzed in the case of the onset of a resonant situation in the enclosing module - wave coincidence. The preconditions for the onset of resonance are formulated under the condition that a large wave size of the outer shell of the enclosing module is provided. The content of aberration phenomenon irradiated by the outer shell of sound waves into the fluid of the inter-shell space is revealed. Semi-detailed laboratory studies of the submarine model allow using ultrasonic technologies to ensure the concealment of the submarine in the absence of its own propulsion by means of a two-shell module separated by a liquid and artificially irradiated with ultrasound. At the same time, the theoretical prerequisites for increasing the effectiveness of submarine camouflage using resonant appearance in the form of wave coincidence in a laboratory unit confirms the correctness of the initial technical solutions. This allows to evaluate step-by-step the requirements of high camouflage efficiency: – large wave size of the shell module; – creation of caustic zones in the inter-shell space, which acts as a enclosing surface from the direction finding equipment; – ensuring of the geometric resonance of the outer shell to form its «acoustic transparency»; – creation of a zone of increased energy in the form of turbulence of the inter-shell liquid.
Highlights
The submariners have a saying that says there are only two types of ships – SUBMARINES and TARGETS
Clarification of the conditions for the required degree of aberration of the outer shell of sound waves emitted into the liquid by the circumferential wave and the formation of the caustic surface
In the absence of irradiation with an ultrasonic beam of the outer shell of the tunnel, clear images of the submarine appear on the screen of the direction finder (Fig. 2, a)
Summary
The submarine, which will replace the existing underwater missile carriers of the Ohio class, will receive an entirely new nuclear power plant without a mechanical transmission. This will make the engine run quietly, and a possible combination with a pump- jet propulsion will make the submarine virtually inaudible. In combat conditions or in the performance of reconnaissance-sabotage tasks, one of the most important operations seems to be sufficient secrecy of the submarine This purpose is provided by technical means, which exclude the effectiveness of the direction finding of the submarine – the definition of distance, bearing and ele vation angle. The presence of a towed enc losing tunnel will effectively combat the problem of deep-sea bombing by enemy destroyers, which shows the relevance of research in this direction
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