Abstract
In the present study, a microstructural investigation was conducted on surface defects occurring in a 28 mm thick low-carbon C–Mn steel plate with ferrite–pearlite microstructure. The plate contained transverse “scraped-out”-like defect at the top surface edge and a continuous longitudinal “V-groove”-like defect throughout the length of the plate in the bottom surface. Detailed microstructural analyses showed formation of several small as well as long shallow unidirectional unbranched cracks with oxide entrapments in the defect region at the top surface associated with partial decarburization and internal oxidation confirming its genesis at the casting stage. On the other hand, extensively branched “stag deer horn” crack heavily filled with compact FeO oxide scale originated from the bottom surface defect with no microstructural abnormality confirmed that the groove existed before the hot rolling operation and the cracks formed during the rolling under differential loading.
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