ANALYSIS OF THE STATE AND TRENDS OF RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE

Abstract

An analysis of the growth of new wind and solar stations was carried out, it was noted that it increased sevenfold and according to the Energy Strategyof Ukraine in 2035, electricity generation should be 25 % of the total electricity generation in the country. Renewable energy sources (wind and solar)in the production of electricity do not provide seasonal and daily uniformity of its supply to the grid. This significantly increases the unevenness of thegrid. So the production of electricity by solar power plants varies from maximum when the sun is at its zenith, to zero at night after sunset. In thewinter days, in the presence of clouds, electricity production is reduced tenfold compared to summertime. Electricity production by wind farms isassociated with the presence of wind and its speed, as well as the availability of places with stable wind flows. With a calm and wind below 4–5 m/s,wind farms practically do not produce electricity, and the lack of large-capacity batteries does not allow for stable supply of electricity to consumers.Therefore, when using renewable energy sources, it is necessary to have reliable compensating power generation. The construction of a significantnumber of wind farms and wind farms that operate in extremely shifts, both daily and seasonal, requires an analysis of their work and on this basis anassessment of the amount of necessary compensating capacities. It should be borne in mind that the work of the SES does not ensure the production ofelectricity at the peak of its use. This reinforces the uneven operation of the ECO. Therefore, compensating capacities should have a large peak component, which is not compensated by existing hydropower plants, and the construction of a PSPP has not yet been completed, nor has it been planned in the required amount in the Energy Strategy. In addition, it is necessary to take into account the uneven consumption of electricity by regions, which requires reducing rational distribution of compensating and peak capacities and providing them with fuel, depending on the selected equipment types, to reduce electric power losses in the networks. In solving these problems, one should take into account the capabilities of existing power plants (TPPs and nuclear power plants) located in various regions and take on the functions of partial compensation for underproduction of electricity from wind farms and solar power plants.