Analysis of the state and legal policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan on interaction with the diaspora in the context of sustainable development

Abstract

This scientific article presents a comprehensive study of the role of diasporas in the modern world, with a focus on connections with the topic of population migration. In a world where globalization and modern technology play a key role, diasporas are becoming important actors in the development of economic, human, social and cultural capital, both in countries of origin and in countries of residence. The article highlights that diasporas have a significant impact on the economy, education and cultural exchange, and this is confirmed by World Bank data on remittances, which exceed foreign direct investment and foreign aid. Kazakhstan serves as an example of a country that actively interacts with the Kazakh diaspora abroad and brings back ethnic Kazakhs (Kandas) in order to increase their contribution to the development of the country. However, the article also highlights that the potential of diasporas is underutilized. To address this problem, the study proposes a number of recommendations and policy approaches. The purpose of the study is to examine policies that influence interaction with diasporas and the integration of gender equality aspects into this process. The research methodology includes an analysis of literature, strategic and regulatory documents, as well as data available on the websites of authorized government bodies and public organizations. The results of the analysis formulate problems and provide recommendations for developing strategies for more effective interaction with diasporas, including aspects of gender equality. The article concludes that while more research is needed, there are several key areas of concern, including the lack of clear diaspora policies and programs to transfer knowledge and skills. Overall, the article proposes a strategic plan for increasing the contribution of diasporas to socio-economic development and integrating gender equality dimensions into these interactions.