Abstract
The article presents some of the research on the wider work related to testing and improving a new rotary cleaning device. The new cereal grain cleaning and separation device can support the development of sustainable agriculture in terms of seed purity and quality. This device is especially useful for small and medium-sized farms. This device has the characteristics of a multi-stage screen aided by an air stream (i.e., by pneumoseparation). The prototype was constructed at the University of Life Sciences in Lublin. The research was conducted at a test stand, which allowed changes in the operating parameters of the cleaner and their measurement. The scope of the tests included determining the influence of the inclination angle of the sieve unit (α) on the effectiveness and efficiency of oat grain cleaning. The experiment was carried out using two rotational spindle speeds: 5 and 75 rpm. The quality of the separation and cleaning of oat grains was evaluated using six cleaning process parameters: plump grain mass separation coefficient (Spg), fine grain separation coefficient (Sfg), fine impurities separation coefficient (Sfi), chaff separation coefficient (Sch), total coefficient of cleaning effectiveness (E), plump grain cleaning efficiency (qpg). Results showed the significant effect of the sieve drum inclination angle on the efficiency and effectiveness of oat grain cleaning.
Highlights
Agriculture and food production are essential elements of economy and society
We analyze the influence of the sieve drum inclination angle on separation coefficients for each fraction, as well as the total coefficient of cleaning effectiveness and cleaning efficiency for the blower rotational speed νb = 500 rpm and feeding throughput tf = 1.25 kg·s−1
Our goal was to separate all plump grains from the other ingredients of the mixture, and to achieve both maximal purity and maximal efficiency at the same time
Summary
Agriculture and food production are essential elements of economy and society. Organic farming, which uses natural resources prudently, is essential for our food production and for our quality of life—today, tomorrow, and for future generations [1,2]. Organic farming is one of the most developed and accepted production systems from the aspect of environmental sustainability [3,4,5]. Realization of the sustainable agriculture concept requires the implementation of technological progress to reasonably intensify production and at the same time limit the degradation of soil production potential. It is necessary to expand and modernize the technical infrastructure of rural areas and the farms [6]. Technological progress is needed in the area of agricultural machinery intended for small and medium-sized farms. Development requires the introduction of new machine and Processes 2020, 8, 346; doi:10.3390/pr8030346 www.mdpi.com/journal/processes
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