Analysis of the short and long-term results of traditional duodenum-saving resections of the pancreas head and the original resection-draining method of treatment of chronic pancreatitis

Abstract

Compare the short and long-term results of traditional duodenum-saving resections of the pancreas head and the original resection-draining method of the surgery of chronic pancreatitis. There has been the analysis of the immediate and long-term results of various types of duodenum-saving operations in 48 patients with chronic pancreatitis since 2011 to 2020. The patients were divided into two groups: the control group (n=26) where typical duodenum-saving operations were performed, and the study group (n=22) - the original resection-draining method of surgery. The groups had no difference in gender, age, clinical manifestations. After typical duodenum-saving operations, the number of postoperative complications was higher than after original resection-draining method (31 [14; 52]% and 23 [8; 45]% respectively). In the control group the incidence of pancreatic fistula 19% [7; 39], hemorrhagic complications 12% [2; 30] was higher. In both groups, one patient died in the early postoperative period. However, these differences were statistically insignificant. 12 (52% [31; 73]; p<0.001) patients have died in the control group for the 9-year observation period, mainly (7 cases) as a result of the progression of chronic pancreatitis against the background of alcoholism. The groups had no difference in the level of pain reduction, development of dyspeptic syndrome and diabetes mellitus. The proposed original technique of subtotal resection of the head, ventral part of the body and tail of the pancreas with longitudinal pancreatojejunoanastomosis made it possible to improve the short-term results and reduce the incidence of pancreatic fistula formation. Taking into account the level of compliance the selection of patients permitted to achieve a better quality of life according to the results of the SF - 36 questionnaire and to reduce the lethality to 5 [0; 25]% (p<0.001) in the long-term period. Statistically significant difference was obtained for three of the five criteria, the total value of the physical (PCS, p=0.033) and mental (MCS, p=0.032) health components.