Abstract
The sandwich ultrasonic transducer with two sets of piezoelectric ceramic elements isanalyzed. It is composed of a back metal mass, a front metal mass and two sets ofpiezoelectric elements which are separated by a middle metal cone. The two sets ofpiezoelectric elements are excited separately by an external alternating voltage, andtherefore two groups of resonance and anti-resonance frequency equations can be obtained.Some sandwich transducers are designed and fabricated, and their frequencies aremeasured. It is shown that two resonance and anti-resonance frequencies can be obtained,and the frequencies depend on the geometrical dimensions and the electrical boundaryconditions. In the short circuited case, the two resonance frequencies are the same, butthe anti-resonance frequencies are different. In the open-circuited case, the tworesonance frequencies are different; the anti-resonance frequencies are the same.The relationship between the effective electromechanical coupling coefficient, theresonance and anti-resonance frequency and the geometrical dimensions of thetransducer is analyzed. It is expected that by carefully choosing the geometricaldimensions and the electrical boundary conditions, the transducer can be optimizedand used as frequency-variable transducers or transducers with multi-frequency.
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