Abstract
Waste cooking oil (WCO), in many cases, can rejuvenate aged asphalt and restore its properties. However, the influence of WCO qualities on rejuvenation behaviors of aged asphalt has not been investigated in detail. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the effects of WCO viscosity and acid value on the basic, rheological, and chemical properties of a typical rejuvenated asphalt. Penetration, ring and ball (R and B) softening point, and ductility were tested to evaluate the influence of WCO qualities on basic properties of rejuvenated asphalts. Then, the rheological properties of rejuvenated asphalt were characterized based on rotational viscometer (RV), dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), and bending beam rheometer (BBR) test results. Further, SARA (saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes) fraction analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) tests were performed to investigate the effects of WCO qualities on asphalt chemical composition. Finally, grey correlation coefficients were calculated and the relationships between WCO qualities and rejuvenated asphalt properties were quantitatively evaluated. The experimental results indicated that WCO qualities influence the rejuvenation behaviors of aged asphalt significantly, and the WCO with higher qualities (low acid value and viscosity, as defined in this research) tends to achieve better rejuvenation effects. Based on the results of grey correlation analyses, the acid value is, relatively, a better indicator than viscosity in predicting the rejuvenation efficiency of WCO. The rejuvenation thresholds of WCO are varied with the categories of properties of rejuvenated asphalts, and WCO with an acid value of 0.4–0.7 mg KOH/g, or a viscosity of 140–540 mm2/s, can meet all of the performance requirements for asphalt rejuvenation used in this research.
Highlights
Asphalt binders have been widely utilized in pavement construction for their extraordinary elasticity, cohesion, adhesion, and stiffness
It can be observed that with the deterioration of the Waste cooking oil (WCO) quality, the penetration and ductility of rejuvenated asphalt decreased rapidly while the softening point increased slowly. These results indicated that the WCO with superior qualities was more effective on the restoration of the consistency, flexibility, and temperature susceptibility of an aged asphalt
Based on the experimental results from an asphalt binder rejuvenated with different quality WCOs, in terms of a series of basic, chemical, and rheological properties tests, the following conclusions can be drawn: 1
Summary
Asphalt binders have been widely utilized in pavement construction for their extraordinary elasticity, cohesion, adhesion, and stiffness. A massive amount of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) is collected every year due to road maintenance. RAP has been applied for many years in constructing new pavements because it contains valuable binders and aggregates but, in some cases, they have not been fully utilized [6,7]. The premature fatigue and low-temperature cracking failures of RAP have limited its extensive utilization in pavement [8,9,10]. To solve these problems, rejuvenators, which are usually comprised of low-viscosity components (asphaltenes and other additives) that could improve the performance of Materials 2017, 10, 508; doi:10.3390/ma10050508 www.mdpi.com/journal/materials
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