Analysis of the Relationship between Water Quality Parameters and Phytoplankton Communities on the Growth of Litopenaeus vannamei Post-Larvae in Low Salinity Circular Ponds

Abstract

The global demand for Litopenaeus vannamei, a prized shrimp commodity, has witnessed substantial growth, positioning Indonesia as a key exporter. However, the expansion of shrimp ponds has raised ecological concerns, contributing to the depletion of mangrove ecosystems. This study investigates the feasibility of transitioning L. vannamei cultivation to low salinity freshwater, utilizing circular ponds as a sustainable alternative on marginal lands. Over a 30-day period, the research comprehensively analyzed water quality parameters, phytoplankton communities, and the growth of L. vannamei post-larvae. The study observed fluctuations in essential water quality parameters, including Dissolved Oxygen (DO), temperature, light intensity, pH, and salinity, all remaining within acceptable ranges. Phytoplankton abundance, notably dominated by Cyclotella, signified conducive conditions for optimal shrimp growth. Specific Growth Rate (SGR) calculations underscored substantial growth, revealing an average daily weight gain of 3.6±11.96%. The findings underscore the pivotal role of water quality in the successful cultivation of L. vannamei. The adoption of low salinity freshwater in circular ponds emerges as a practical and sustainable alternative, particularly on marginal lands. This study provides valuable insights into sustainable shrimp farming practices, addressing environmental concerns associated with traditional pond expansion. Moreover, the research aligns with the imperative to meet the escalating market demand for this economically significant commodity.