Analysis of the Relationship between Cytogenetic Changes and Course Evolution of Patients with CML during TKI Treatment

Abstract

To analyze the relationship between cytogenetic changes and the progression in the patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) during the treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). The chromosome G banding of 150 patients with CML treated in our hospital, was carried out to analyze the karyotype by the 24 h short-term culture or direct method of bone marrow cells, and the point mutation of the ABL kinase area was detected, the relationship between cytogenetic changes and the evolution of the disease course was analyzed. The indirect fluorescence in situ hybridization showed that the BCR-ABL fusion gene of 150 patients was positive, out of which 142 cases showed positive Philadelphia (Ph) (94.67%), 8 cases with Ph negative (5.33%). Among 142 cases with Ph positive on the first diagnosis, and 14 cases (9.86%) with additional chromosome abnormality (9.86%), 4 cases (2.82%) with mutation translocation with 124 cases (87.32%), standard translocation t (9; 22) (q34; Q11) were found. Out of the 14 patients with additional chromosomal abnormalities, 8 cases with "main pathmay" abnormalities, 2 case with -Y abnormalities, and 4 cases with "secondary pathway" abnormalities were observed. During TKI treatment, additional chromosomal abnormalities were found in 46 patients with standard translocation and abnormal number of chromosomes, and the incidence of disease progression and point mutation were higher (P＜0.05). Compared with patients with the standard translocation, the disease-free survival rate of the patients diagnosed as CML at 1st visit and with additional chromosome abnormality was significantly decreased (P＜0.05), but the overall survival rate showed no significantly different (P＞0.05). Compared with patients without additional cvtogenetic aberrations, the disease free and overall survival rate of the patients with additional cytogenetic aberrations during the TKI treatment of CML in chronic phase were significantly decreased (P＜0.05). Some CML patients may have additional chromosomal abnormalities during the onset and development of the disease, and these patients are at higher risk of disease progression.