ANALYSIS OF THE REASONS FOR FAILURES OF THE DRIVE OF THE BOREHOLDER RODS

Abstract

Currently, the operation of oil deposits in Western Siberia is characterized by a decrease in the amount of oil produced, a decrease in reservoir pressure and fluid flow to the well. The large depth of the pump descent while simultaneously increasing the curvature of the wellbore and the angle of inclination of the wellbore in the process of raising the fluid with a high content of mechanical impurities significantly increases the load on the elements of the well pumping unit. The failure rate of installations is determined by a combination of technological factors influencing the frequency of failures of the pumping unit. The results of the operation of low-yield wells by sucker-rod pumping units in the conditions of oil fields in Western Siberia are analyzed. To assess the impact of technological factors on the accident rate of pumping machines, a regression analysis of data on their failures was carried out. According to the results of the regression analysis, the interdependence of the water content in the well production (water cut), the loads on the polished rod string and the failure rate of the drive of the well pump is found. It has been established that the main share of failures is made by the failures of the pumping unit, including the transmission, gearbox and crank mechanism. One of the unfavorable factors in the operation of the pumping unit is the unevenness of the force on the balancer head in the process of moving the polished rod from the lowest position to the highest one. To reduce the unevenness of the load on the electric motor of the pumping unit, as well as the cost of electricity, an additional wellhead equilibration system is proposed, which allows the wellhead rod to be loaded with a vertical force constantly pointing upwards. During the operation of the pumping unit, there is a loss of energy while transferring it from the engine to the conversion mechanism, caused by the slippage of the belts due to the loosening of their tension. To prevent the belts from loosening, a mechanism in which the axial distance between the motor pulleys and the pumping unit gearbox is adjusted by changing the angle of the motor platform is proposed.