Abstract
There is evidence demonstrating that cardiovascular diseases (CVD) manifesting during adulthood result from an intense interaction among risk factors that may have originated during childhood and adolescence. To compare the prevalence and clustering of cardiovascular risk factors in Brazilian schoolchildren with a 15-year interval between samples. A cross-sectional analysis based on the scores for cardiovascular risk factors was used to investigate 1,232 Brazilian schoolchildren of both sexes aged 12 to 18 years. The data of 596 schoolchildren of the 2000 sample were compared to those of 636 schoolchildren of the 2015 sample. The prevalence of physical inactivity and abdominal obesity increased exponentially in both sexes from 2000 to 2015. The score for the clustering of cardiovascular risk factors showed that in 2000 the adolescents were exposed to 1 cardiovascular risk factor (31.7%), while in 2015 the greatest percentage was assigned to the category of 3 or more cardiovascular risk factors (34.9%), p < 0.001. The present results demonstrate a high prevalence of exposure to health risk behaviors of the adolescents studied over time. Considering the presence of modifiable risk factors, preventive measures regarding life style are essential.
Highlights
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) currently represent the first cause of death and premature disability in the world
The World Health Organization (WHO) proposes conducts for the control and prevention of risk factors linked to CVD in all age ranges, including childhood and adolescence [2]
The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) is presented in table 2
Summary
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) currently represent the first cause of death and premature disability in the world. Data from one of the largest National Studies of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents (ERICA in the Portuguese acronym) [5] have pointed out that a significant parcel of young Brazilians aged 11 to 17 years show changes in plasma
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