Analysis of the production of major agricultural crops in the Orenburg region

Abstract

A detailed analysis of the production of the main agricultural crops in the Orenburg region for a long-term period, taking into account of their sown areas, gross yields and yields in farms of all categories has been provided in the article. The purpose of the research was to analyze the production of the main agricultural crops in the Orenburg region. Based on the conducted research, transformational changes and trends in the regional production of grain, potatoes and vegetable crops have been identified. During the study period, a gradual reduction in the acreage of grain and leguminous crops in the region was revealed with stabilization at the level of 2,7 million hectares with a wide range of variations in gross yields and productivity depending on the weather and climatic conditions of cultivation. The gross harvest of grain and leguminous crops in farms of all categories during the study period varied in a very wide range of 739,6–4207,2 thousand tons. The biggest gross harvests of grain and leguminous crops were observed in 2000, 2016 and 2017, respectively, 3141,7, 3138,6 and 4207,2 thousand tons in association with the most favorable natural and climatic conditions of their cultivation. There was the reduction in the area, the decrease in gross yields and the tendency to increase the yield of potatoes and vegetable crops in farms of all categories. Based on the analysis, measures are proposed to optimize the acreage, increase the gross yield and productivity of the main agricultural crops in the agricultural sector of the regional agro-industrial complex, as well as a set of measures for sustainable development and effective functioning of regional agricultural production with the possibility of applied use in other regions of the Russian Federation.