Abstract
The problems of the current ecological situation in the oil-producing regions are being investigated. The analysis of the impact of the growth of hydrocarbon production on the environment has been carried out. The main causes and sources of pollution have been identified, starting with the process of developing oil and gas fields and including directly extracting and processing oil and gas resources. It is noted that the main reason for the growing environmental hazard is the deterioration and depreciation of equipment and the low share of innovative activity of oil companies. The main methods of utilization of oil production wastes, which are currently used in world practice, have been analyzed. Some technologies for processing oil sludge with obtaining a secondary product are considered. Their main advantages and disadvantages associated with the features of the technological process are described. The possibility of obtaining inert soil, building material, expanded clay and other materials using drill cuttings has been evaluated. The complex separate processing of drilling waste has been determined as the most effective and promising. Its main advantages associated with the complete utilization of all components of oil sludge, as well as the problems of introducing this technology, are given.
Highlights
Due to the insufficient development of the subsoil use strategy, the extensive development of industry, the integration of the necessity and possibilities of scientific regulation of anthropogenic loads, the increasingly threatening degradation of the natural environment in Russia continues
Russia has turned into a raw material appendage of more developed countries, and in a number of its regions, an extremely dangerous ecological situation has been created, leading to serious consequences for human health
The greatest danger to the natural environment is presented by production and technological drilling waste, which is accumulated and stored directly on the territory of the drilling site
Summary
Due to the insufficient development of the subsoil use strategy, the extensive development of industry, the integration of the necessity and possibilities of scientific regulation of anthropogenic loads, the increasingly threatening degradation of the natural environment in Russia continues. It is this fact that indicates the existence of a number of environmental problems associated with the operation of wells. The greatest danger to the natural environment is presented by production and technological drilling waste, which is accumulated and stored directly on the territory of the drilling site. In their composition, they contain a wide range of pollutants of mineral and organic nature, represented by materials and chemicals [2]. To substantiate the efficiency of separate processing of oil sludge, depending on the conditions of formation and the depth of their occurrence in the sludge ponds
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