Abstract
In many countries, the economy's energy sector is on the path of radical change and radical transformation. There are processes of mergers, acquisitions, changes in the structure of government, the boundaries of the sphere of activity, and territorial presence, forcing many former energy monopolies to use new models of value creation. In the EU, the USA, Japan, China, and other countries, smart energy networks and smart meters are positioned as priority areas for energy development shortly. Smart energy grids can empower consumers by making them more aware of energy consumption, forecasting, and demand management. Such networks contain tools to respond quickly to energy market price signals, flexibly increasing or decreasing energy consumption. According to the International Energy Agency forecast, a significant increase in global demand for energy resources (electricity, oil, and gas) is expected in the future. Under the pressure of this factor, a new sustainable business model of energy consumption is being formed, which is being scaled to consumers in all countries of the world. For Ukraine, the benefits of smart grids are particularly relevant, as energy infrastructure and systems are severely worn out both physically and morally. Quickly and flexibly managing infrastructure is crucial for balancing energy flows. With this in mind, economic agents of the energy market are faced with the need to implement new standards ratified by Ukraine in the framework of energy packages to continuously improve the efficiency and reliability of energy supply to meet the requirements for greenhouse gas emissions. Such changes include an analysis of the development of networks in view of existing requirements and prerequisites: replacement of fossil fuels with renewable energy sources; taking advantage of digital energy management technologies (e.g. IoT, blockchain); development of sustainable energy communities interested in improving the energy efficiency of both urban infrastructure as a whole and individual buildings; transition from centralized to decentralized energy generation.
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