Abstract
Growing social concern regarding the environmental and visual impacts associated with coastal structures due to climatic change is leading to a reduction in breakwater failures. After Typhoon Mangkhut passed through the southeastern coast of China on September 16 in 2018, the breakwater of a Power Plant was serious failure. As a case study based on model test, the failure process and causes of breakwater were explored in this paper. The wave height and water level were used as the wave parameters, which were accurately extracted by the GOHS system when the typhoon transits, and the breakwater failure process was reproduced based on the typhoon wave forces action at that time. By the experimental result investigating, it was found that the joint of the caisson breakwater and the mound breakwater was firstly failure, then the armor blocks and stones near the seawalls became to be unstable, the seawall was collapsed finally. Based on the analysis of the experiment, the distribution in time and space of the damage of the protective blocks are obtained and divided into different damage areas according to the degree of failure. The wave energy concentration as a important factor were proposed in this paper and the conclusion would be provide as a reference for the study of breakwater engineering.
Highlights
The breakwater played a special position among the different types of hydraulic structures in the harbour [1]
This type coastal structures are frequently overtopped by waves [3], so wave energy is allowed to pass through or over the structure; the overtopping events have a direct impact on the hydraulic stability of the crest and rear slope armors producing several armor damage in these parts of the structure because of the wave energy dissipation [4]
Van der Meer and Daemen [6] compared the hydraulic stability of the armor layer of overtopped and non-overtopped rubble mound breakwaters, concluding that the required stone size for an overtopped rubble mound breakwater can be estimated by applying a reduction factor to the size calculated for a non-overtopped structure using the hydraulic stability formulas given in the literature
Summary
The breakwater played a special position among the different types of hydraulic structures in the harbour [1]. Due to the extreme weather effects such as typhoons, breakwaters are always affected by typhoon waves and failure problems occur in the past decades [2] This type coastal structures are frequently overtopped by waves [3], so wave energy is allowed to pass through or over the structure; the overtopping events have a direct impact on the hydraulic stability of the crest and rear slope armors producing several armor damage in these parts of the structure because of the wave energy dissipation [4]. In this paper, according to the case of the power plant breakwater subjected to severe typhoon, the breakwater failure process was reconstructed by a local overall physical model test and the process and instability characteristics of the breakwater retaining block of the slope breakwater under the typhoon wave action were carried out. Qie Lu-wen et al.: Analysis of the Power Plant Breakwater Failure Subjected to Typhoon Mangkhut Based on Model Experiment
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