Abstract
Lignocellulosic waste is a valuable source of energy, fuels, and raw materials for the chemical industry. In this study, the potential of cupuaçu husks, derivative from a typical fruit of the Brazilian Amazon, was evaluated. Therefore, biomass was submitted to acid hydrolysis and pyrolysis, and the contents of sugars, by-products, bio-oil compounds, and bio-oil theoretical energy potential were determined. X-ray diffraction, High performance liquid chromatography, Fourier-transform infrared and Gas chromatography mass spectrometry analyzes were used. The hydrolysate has considerable sugar levels (31.7%) and presence of relevant by-products including furfural, levulinic acid and hydroxymethylfurfural. Bio-oil contained a variety of phenolic compounds, and its theoretical energy potential suggested usability of cupuaçu husks for energy generation. Economic analysis showed that commercialization of bioproducts obtained by biomass hydrolysis and pyrolysis could be highly profitable. These outcomes indicate a range of applications for cupuaçu husks in biorefinery processes and potential to promote sustainability and social development.
Highlights
The use of lignocellulosic biomass in the chemical industry is based on the need to diversify renewable energy sources while ensuring socioeconomic and environmental sustainability (Mendes & Barros, 2021; Takkellapati et al, 2018)
Practical Application: This work aims to analyze the use of cupuaçu husks, agroresidual biomass increasingly produced in Brazil, in biorefinery processes, as in the synthesis of bioproducts and energy generation
The main residue of this growing popularity fruit, cupuaçu husks, is a potential lignocellulosic source in the synthesis of bioproducts through processes known as acid hydrolysis and pyrolysis (Golveia et al, 2018)
Summary
The use of lignocellulosic biomass in the chemical industry is based on the need to diversify renewable energy sources while ensuring socioeconomic and environmental sustainability (Mendes & Barros, 2021; Takkellapati et al, 2018). Lignocellulosic materials derived from residual supplies are an attractive biomass source due to their abundance in communities of local producers (Sharma et al, 2019) These individuals might profit from the excess waste to improve their standard of living and contribute to environmental sustainability (Mendes & Barros, 2021). The process of acid hydrolysis of the main biomass components (cellulose and hemicellulose) enables the extraction of monomers used in the production of high-value biofuels and chemicals such as Furfural (FF), Levulinic Acid (LA) and 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) These compounds have a wide range of chemistry applications, including subsequent conversion into others products of interest (Mukherjee et al, 2015; Yan et al, 2014)
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