Abstract
AbstractThe operational procedure for the calibration of the Meteosat infrared (IR: 10.5‐12.5 m̈m) channel is studied. Since no adequate onboard calibration is available, calibration techniques have been developed which use conventional meteorological data together with model calculations. The operational calibration technique for the IR channel relies on radiation model calculations for clear‐sky which take independent data on the atmospheric and surface temperature as model input. Satellite observations (radiometric counts) over the ocean are correlated with radiances calculated from independent sea‐surface temperature analyses and short‐term forecast fields of temperature and humidity. The sensitivity of the radiation calculations to humidity profiles and to different parameterisations of the water vapour continuum is studied. The operational calibration coefficients are based on averaging over previous calibration calculations. This method is reviewed and a new approach, based on daytime satellite observations only, is proposed. The new method reduces calibration coefficients by about 1%, which yields better agreement with a previous cross‐calibration study.
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