Analysis of the operation of modern fault locators

Abstract

Line faults and their severe consequences force scientists to search for new ways to improve the stability of fault locator system operation by developing new algorithms for determining proper locator settings at overhead transmission lines (OHTL). Transmission networks with 10 kV and higher overhead transmission lines usually include fault locators measuring fault state parameters of the lines. To determine the fault location, the current and voltage dynamics at the time of the accident are analyzed, as well as other parameters of the overhead transmission line. Each of their parameters, which are characterized by an overhead power line, depends on external environmental factors. During the year, atmospheric parameters change significantly and, consequently, the parameters of the overhead line also change. The linear active resistance R significantly depends on the temperature of the wire, which is affected by the current passing through the line, wind speed and air temperature. The linear reactance depends on the conductivity of the soil under the power lines, because the earth has a finite conductivity, so the current will pass at a certain depth in the ground. When calculating the parameters of overhead power lines, tabular values are taken for normal conditions, without taking into account their change, which leads to significant errors in determining the location of damage on the overhead line.