Analysis of the Neogene Stretava Formation in the selected parts of the East Slovakian Basin

Abstract

The Lower Sarmatian Stretava Formation consists of clay-, sand- and gravel-sized deposits with volcanoclastics derived from the volcanic Slanske vrchy Mts. In the western margin of the basin, the formation consists of the coarse-grained deposits named as Kosice Gravel, deposited in deltaic and inner shelf environment (Karoli et al. 1989). The deltaic sediments were also deposited on the northern margin of the basin, where Laborec and Topľa rivers entered the sea (Janocko et al. 2003). The main aim of the study is to show the geometry of the Lower Sarmatian deposits which can be used for both paleogeographical studies and estimation of the hydrocarbon potential of the formation. A comprehensive approach including connection of vertical seismic analysis, field study of the outcrops and analysis of the well data was used in this study. Presented study was focused on the deposits of the Stretava Formaton in the SE part of the Presov Depression and the central western part of the Trebisov Depression that both are part of the East Slovakian Basin. Outcrop analysis: The field study was performed in the area of Kosice (locality Nad jazerom), located on the western margin of the East Slovakian Basin. The outcrop analysis, which included facies analysis of logged sediments resulted in interpretation of following depositional environments: 1. delta plain, 2. offshore-transition zone, 3. shoreface. The delta plain environment is typical by distributary channels incised into flood-plain deposits. The channel sediments consists of pebble and cobble sized gravel with well developed channel lag facies. The delta plain sediments are represented by silts with thin layers of sand. Sediments of channel levee and crevasse splay sediments were also documented based on their facies association characteristics; the channel levee sediments are typical by coarse sands fining upward into silts and crevasse splay deposits are formed by pebble sized gravel and sands. The transition of the deltaic and shoreface deposits into offshore-transition deposits shows a rapid increase of the accommodation space suggesting both sea level rise and basin floor subsidence. Seismic analysis: The Stretava Fm., which is almost extended in the entire basin, can be studied by several seismic profiles. The deposition of the formation started with a regional unconformity related to the new sea transgression observable on several seismic profiles by onlaps (profiles from the Trebisov depression). The profiles also show the changes in the thickness of the deposits in the Presov and the Trebisov depressions. Two system tracts are visible in the seismic package analysed: the transgressive system tract (TST) and the highstand system tract (HST) with the maximum flooding surface (MFS) between them. These tracts bracket several types of sediment geometries, which are described in more detail in the presentation.