Abstract
At the First Extraordinary Meeting of the Forum of Ministers of the Environment of Latin America and the Caribbean, Johannesburg, August 2002. An initiative for sustainable development in Latin America and the Caribbean was presented. This proposes that the countries of the region should show in their energy distribution minimum participation of 10% of renewable energy sources in the Total Primary Energy Supply (OTEP). The mechanism of action of this initiative is not based on penalizing countries that their natural conditions are not favorable for energy sustainability, but on promoting greater participation of renewable energy sources. Through the analysis of the country's energy demand and energy sources and according to the initiative, the Colombian government, through its entities, organizes programs to improve its energy efficiency and the participation of renewable energy sources and technologies, not conventional. This paper shows the statistics of energy distribution and energy sources in Colombia. Based on this information, we seek to identify the deficient sectors with their problems to implement strategies at the national level that allows them to meet the proposed goals.Keywords: Efficiency, Energy, Renewable Sources, Sustainability, Total Primary Energy Supply.JEL Classifications: L78, L90, O31, Q20DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.9713
Highlights
Today it is a fact the importance of transforming the mechanisms of obtaining electric energy into renewable energy (Cronin et al, 2018) to reduce the climate impact in a low-carbon (Solaun and Cerdá, 2019) future so that by 2050 renewable energy will account for 65% of the total consumption of Energy (IRENA, 2018)
To establish the contribution of renewable sources in the Total Primary Energy Supply (OTEP in Spanish), it was necessary to homogenize criteria common to the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean, removing the fraction of energy from forest resources that give to the deforestation, this is the one whose extraction rate is higher than its regeneration rate (CEPAL and GTZ, 2003)
Colombia has a variety of natural resources that allow it to supply its own energy demand; it has water resources with high potential for the use of hydropower; It has high potential natural resources to convert them into non-renewable energy
Summary
Today it is a fact the importance of transforming the mechanisms of obtaining electric energy into renewable energy (Cronin et al, 2018) to reduce the climate impact in a low-carbon (Solaun and Cerdá, 2019) future so that by 2050 renewable energy will account for 65% of the total consumption of Energy (IRENA, 2018). To establish the contribution of renewable sources in the Total Primary Energy Supply (OTEP in Spanish), it was necessary to homogenize criteria common to the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean, removing the fraction of energy from forest resources that give to the deforestation, this is the one whose extraction rate is higher than its regeneration rate (CEPAL and GTZ, 2003) When it has to deal with renewable energy, it refers to the natural resources which restore naturally reestablished, and their consumption does not exceed the speed with which they can be restored naturally (Harjanne and Korhonen, 2019). The energy obtained by the dams or reservoirs called hydropower makes an important contribution to the OTEP in the LAC region and is considered a form of energy production that is part of nonrenewable energy This point is under consideration, even though conceptually it is a renewable resource, it may become an unsustainable resource due to its environmental and social impacts (CEPAL and GTZ, 2004) (WEC, 2015). That financially supports projects that seek to connect non-interconnected areas (ZNI in Spanish), giving special attention to projects that promote the efficient use of energy and non-conventional energies
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