Abstract
目的探讨骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)患者的细胞遗传学特点及其与MDS诊断分型、疾病进展和预后的关系。方法回顾性分析2008年6月至2013年10月浙江大学医学院附属第一医院收治的298例MDS患者的临床特征及预后情况,随访观察并进行相关性研究。结果难治性血细胞减少伴单系发育异常(RCUD)18例,难治性贫血伴环状铁粒幼红细胞(RARS)8例,难治性血细胞减少伴多系发育异常(RCMD)104例,难治性贫血伴原始细胞过多(RAEB)-1 76例,RAEB-2 85例,MDS不能分类5例,单纯del(5q)2例。染色体异常检出率39.6%,单纯数目异常45例,单纯结构异常31例,42例两种异常同时存在,均为不平衡易位及复杂异常。RAEB组(RAEB-1+RAEB-2)染色体异常检出率及复杂染色体异常检出率均高于非RAEB组(RARS+RCMD+RCUD)(47.2%对29.2%,P=0.002)。根据IPSS-R积分系统分组,除极低危组外,随着危险分层的递增,染色体异常检出率逐渐增加(P<0.05),且随着IPSS-R积分越高,转化为白血病的概率越高(P<0.01)。+8染色体异常占所有核型异常的19.5%,在RAEB组+8染色体异常组2年总生存率低于正常染色体组(43%对68%,P=0.005)。结论染色体核型分析是MDS患者判断预后的一个独立因素,对于MDS的诊断、治疗方案的制定及预后判断均有较大意义,+8染色体异常作为中等预后的染色体异常,在RAEB组预后差于正常染色体核型。
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