Abstract
BackgroundRotavirus (RV) is a principal cause of diarrhea. However, there is a limited understanding regarding alteration of the gut microbial community structure and abundance during RV infection. This study was to characterize any potential associations between RV infection and the intestinal microbiota.MethodsSuckling mice were divided into normal group (NC) and infected group (RV) randomly. All of the suckling mice were euthanized four days post-RV infection. The virus titer was counted as fluorescent focus assay, and viral load was quantified by QPCR. Five sucking mice were randomly selected from each RV group and NC group for sample collection and pathological analysis. Mixed intestinal contents of the colon and rectum were collected from all of the suckling mice. To investigate the detailed relationship between RV infection and intestinal microbiota, the composition and distribution of intestinal microbiota from suckling mice were first analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing technology.ResultsThe results of the pathological characteristics showed that vacuolar degeneration, vasodilation, hyperemia, and destruction of the intestinal epithelium were apparent in the RV group. Representative genera from Lactobacillus and Fusobacterium were enriched in the NC group, while the Enterococcus and Escherichia/Shigella genera were enriched in the RV group. Helicobacter, Alloprevotrlla, Brevundimonas, Paenibacillus, and Parabacteroides were completely undetectable in the RV group. The predicted intestinal flora metabolic function results showed that “carbohydrate metabolism” and “lipid metabolism” pathways were significantly enriched within the NC group. A significant difference has been observed in the gut microbiota composition between the two groups.ConclusionsOur results demonstrated a significant difference in the gut microbiota composition in RV-infected suckling mice as compared to the RV un-infected suckling mice group. This work may provide meaningful information regarding the bacterial genera changed during RV infection. Moreover, the changes in these bacteria may be related with the replication and pathogenesis of RV infection.
Highlights
Rotavirus (RV) is a principal cause of diarrhea
Histopathology Five sucking mice were randomly selected from each RV group and normal control (NC) group for sample collection and pathological analysis
Quantification of the viral titer via fluorescent focus assay (FFA) showed values ranging from 3 × 105 to 5.2 × 107 PFU/mL
Summary
Rotavirus (RV) is a principal cause of diarrhea. there is a limited understanding regarding alteration of the gut microbial community structure and abundance during RV infection. This study was to characterize any potential associations between RV infection and the intestinal microbiota. Rotavirus (RV) can infect almost all mammalian and avian species. It has been demonstrated that the ecology and function of the microbiota are related to enteric virus. Zhao et al Virology Journal (2021) 18:254 infections [8] virus infection can change the gut microbiota composition and activity. Some viruses, such as poliovirus [9], reovirus [9], norovirus [10, 11] and murine RV [12, 13], have been reported to influence the gut microbiota. Commensal bacteria have been shown to enhance the infectivity of enteric viruses through several mechanisms, such as bacterial stabilization of viral particles, help of viral adsorption target cells, and restraining of antiviral immune responses [14]
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