ANALYSIS OF THE INTERRELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THEORY, RESEARCH AND POLICY IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE

Abstract

ABSTRACT This paper discusses the complex relationship between theory, research, and policy in criminal justice. The author argues that one's worldview has an impact on the selection of research questions, the manner in which the question is investigated, and the interpretation of the observations which one makes. Similarly, one's worldview impacts the selection of preferred policy alternatives. Research is not necessarily the basis of policy, and even if policy-makers had the benefit of quality research in the formulation of policy, it is not necessary that they would utilize the research as the basis of policy, or that intervention strategies would be logically evident from the research findings, or that intervention strategies which seem evident would be effective, efficient, or feasible. Furthermore, the policymaker's worldview may lead him/her to reject research findings and intervention strategies which are not consistent with his/her worldview. Specific recommendations for improving the relationship between theory, research, and policy are forwarded in the following categories: address agency concerns, involve universities and professional organizations, address theoretical and analytical complexities, systematically identify research priorities, utilize systems analysis as a method to attain decision-making information, develop measures of crime based on policy needs, and utilize systems theory to guide policy change.