ANALYSIS OF THE INTERCONNECTION OF STALLION SEMEN INDICATORS WITH GENETIC MARKERS OF PROTEINS

Abstract

The purpose of the research was to study the associations of genetic polymorphism of proteins and enzymes of blood serum (albumin, transferrin, and esterase) on the quality of freshly obtained and cryopreserved semen of breeding stallions, taking into account their breed characteristics. The authors divided horses into four breed groups, taking into account their characteristics – riding horses, Orlov trotters, prize-winning trotters, and draft horses. A comparative assessment of 154 stallions revealed no significant differences in the quality of semen from different breed groups. For the first time, the influence coefficient (Fisher coefficient) of different genetic variants of proteins and enzymes on the semen parameters of stallions was analyzed and calculated. At the same time, the authors revealed the multidirectional effect of the same alleles of albumin, transferrin, and carboxylesterase on semen activity in different breeds. Thus, the presence of the albumin allele B (ALBB) had a positive effect on the mobility of fresh semen of stallions of riding breeds but a negative effect on stallions of Orlov trotters and draft horses. The heterozygous state of alleles revealed a positive effect on semen parameters. The analysis of variance of all examined stallions showed the highest level of the esterase locus (ESI) on the mobility of fresh semen and the albumin locus (ALBA) – on the mobility of frozen-thawed semen. The reliability of it is close to a statistically significant value. The results obtained suggest that specific gene complexes and associations with productive traits are formed in breeds under the influence of breeding. It must be taken into account as additional criteria for controlling the breeding process.